NEBOSH IDP
- Reasons for Managing Health and Safety;
- Societal Factors Influencing Standards and Priorities;
- Health & Safety Management System Models
- Why we need Health and Safety Management System
- Principles and Content of Effective Health and Safety Management System
Additional Resources
1. Comparative Governmental and Socio-Legal Models
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- Role, Function, and Limitations of Legislation
- Nature, Benefits, and Limitations of ‘Goal-Setting’ and ‘Prescriptive’ Legal Models
- Loss Events in Terms of Failures in the Duty of Care to Protect Individuals and Compensatory Mechanisms that May be Available
2. Purpose of Enforcement and Laws of Contract
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- Purpose of Enforcement
- Principles of Enforcement with Reference to the HSE’s Enforcement Policy Statement (HSE41)
- Laws of Contract
3. Role and Limitations of the International Labour Organisation in a Global Health and Safety Setting
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- Role of the United Nations
- Roles and Responsibilities of ‘National Governments’, ‘Enterprises’ and ‘Workers’: R164 Occupational
- Safety and Health Recommendation 1981
- Use of International Conventions as a Basis for Setting National Systems of Health and Safety Legislation
4. Role of Non-Governmental Bodies and Health and Safety Standards
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- Relevant Influential Parties
- Importance of Print, Broadcast, and Social Media in a Global Economy
- Benefits of Schemes Which Promote Co-operation on Health and Safety Between Different Companies
- Adverse Effects on Business Reputation
- An Organisation’s Moral Obligations to Raise Standards Within their Supply Chains
- Meaning of ‘Self-Regulation’
- Role and Function of Corporate Governance in a System of Self-Regulation
Additional Resources
1. Theories/Models and Use of Loss Causation Techniques
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- Accident/Incident Ratio Studies
- Domino and Multi-Causality Theories
- Single Cause Domino Theory
- Reason’s Model of Accident Causation
- Behavioural Root Cause Analysis
2. Quantitative Analysis of Accident and Ill-Health Data
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- Calculating Loss Rates from Raw Data
- Presenting and Interpreting Loss Event Data
- Principles of Statistical Variability, Validity and the Use of Distributions
- Study Question
3. Reporting and Recording of Loss Events (Injuries, Ill Health, Dangerous Occurrences) and Near Misses
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- Reporting Requirements and Procedures
- Internal Reporting and Recording
4. Loss and Near-Miss Investigations
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- Implied Legal Requirements
- Reasons for Carrying Out Investigations
- Benefits of Carrying Out Investigations
- Investigation Procedures and Methodologies
- Communications Focusing on Remedial Actions and Lessons Learnt
Additional Resources
1. Purpose and Use of Health and Safety Performance
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- Meaning of Health and Safety Performance Measurement
- Need for Active and Reactive Measures
- Meaning of Key Performance Indicators
- Types, Benefits and Limitations of Leading and Lagging Indicators
- Assessment of the Health and Safety Objectives and Arrangements
- Review of Current Management Systems
2. Health and Safety Monitoring
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- Objectives of Monitoring
- Limitations of Accident and Ill-Health Data as a Performance Measure
- Distinctions Between, and Applicability of, Performance Measures
3. Health and Safety Monitoring and Measuring Techniques
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- Range of Measures Available to Evaluate an Organisation’s Performance
- Collection and Use of Sickness Absence and Ill-Health Data
- Role, Purpose and Key Elements of Measurement Techniques
- The In-house Health and Safety Practitioner’s Role in Audits Carried Out by Third
- Comparisons of Performance Data
- Use and Benefits of Benchmarking
4. Reviewing Health and Safety Performance
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- Formal and Informal Reviews of Performance
- Review Process
Additional Resources
1. Sources of Information Used in Identifying Hazards and Assessing Risk
- Accident/Incident and Ill-Health Data and Rates
- External Information Sources
- Internal Information Sources
- Uses and Limitations of Information Sources
2. Hazard Identification Techniques
- Hazard Detection Techniques
- Importance of Worker Input
3. Assessment and Evaluation of Risk
- Key Steps in a Risk Assessment
- Use and Limitation of Generic, Specific and Dynamic Risk Assessments
- Limitations of Risk Assessment Processes
- Temporary and Non-Routine Situations
- Consideration of Long-Term Hazards to Health
- Types of Risk Assessment
- Organizational Arrangements for an Effective Risk Assessment Programme
- Acceptability/Tolerability of Risk
4. Systems Failures and System Reliability
- Meaning of the Term ‘System’
- Principles of System Failure Analysis
- Using Calculations in the Assessment of System Reliability
- Methods for Improving System Reliability
5. Failure Tracing Methodologies
- A Guide to Basic Probability
- Principles and Techniques of Failure Tracing Methods in the Assessment of Risk
Additional Resources
1. Common Risk Management Strategies
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- Concepts Within a Health and Safety Management System
- Circumstances When Each of the Previous Strategies Would be Appropriate
- Factors to be Considered in the Selection of an Optimum Solution Based on Relevant Risk Data
- Principles and Benefits of Risk Management in a Global Perspective
- Link Between Outcomes of Risk Assessments and Development of Risk Controls
2. Factors to Be Taken Into Account When Selecting Risk Controls
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- Preventive and Protective Measures
- Determine Technical/Procedural/Behavioural Control Measures
- Factors Affecting Choice of Control Measures
3. Safe Systems of Work and Permit-to-Work Systems
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- Safe Systems of Work
- Permit-to-Work Systems
- Use of Risk Assessment in the Development of Safe Systems of Work and Safe Operating Procedures
Additional Resources
1.    Types of Safety Leadership
- Meaning of Safety Leadership.
- Types of Safety Leadership
- Behavioral Attributes of an Effective Leader
2.    Benefits of Effective Health and Safety Leadership
- Leadership As a Core Element of Effective Health and Safety Management
- Benefits of Effective Safety Leadership on Organisational Health and Safety Culture and Performance
- Link Between Effective Leadership and Employee Engagement
- Encouraging Positive Leadership for a Safe and Healthy Workplace
- Corporate Social Responsibility
3.    Internal and External Influences
- Internal Influences on Health and Safety
- External Influences on Health and Safety Within an Organisation
4.    Types of Organisations
- Concept of the Organisation as a System
- Organizational Structures and Functions
- Organisational Goals and Those of the Individual: Potential Conflict
- Integration of Goals of the Organisation with the Needs of the Individual
5.    Third-Party Control
- Identifying Third Parties
- Reasons for Ensuring Third Parties are Covered by Health and Safety Management Systems
- Basic Duties Owed To and By Third Parties
- Selection, Appointment, and Control of Contractors
- Responsibilities for Control of Risk Associated with Contractors on Site
- Provision of Information Relating to Hazards/Risks to Third Parties
- Review of Contractor Performance
6.    Consultation with Workers
- Role of Consultation Within the Workplace
- Formal Consultation
- Informal Consultation
- Behavioral Aspects Associated with Consultation
- Role of the Health and Safety Practitioner in the Consultative Process
7.    Health and Safety Culture and Climate
- Introduction
- Influence of Health and Safety Culture on Behaviour and the Effect of Peer Group Pressure and Norms
- Impact of Organisational Cultural Factors on Individual Behaviour
- Indicators of Culture
- Correlation Between Health and Safety Culture/Climate and Health and Safety Performance
- Measurement of the Health and Safety Culture and Climate
8.    Factors Affecting Health and Safety Culture and Climate
- Promoting a Positive Health and Safety Culture
- Factors that May Promote a Negative Health and Safety Culture or Climate
- Effecting Cultural or Climate Change
- Problems and Pitfalls Relating to Change
Additional Resources
1. Human Psychology, Sociology, and Behaviour
- Meaning of Terms
- Influences on Human Behaviour
- Key Theories of Human Motivation
- Factors Affecting Behaviour
2. Perception of Risk
- Human Sensory Receptors
- Perception
- Errors in Perception Caused by Physical Stressors
- Perception and the Assessment of Risk
3. Human Failure Classification
- HSG48, Classification of Human Failure
- Cognitive Processing
- Knowledge-, Rule- and Skill-Based Behaviour (Rasmussen)
- Contribution of Human Error to Serious Incidents
4. Improving Individual Human Reliability in the Workplace
- Motivation and Reinforcement
- Selection of Individuals
- Health Surveillance
5. Organizational Factors
- Effect of Weaknesses in the Health and Safety Management System on the Probability of Human Failure
- Influence of Formal and Informal Groups
- Organizational Communication Mechanisms and their Impact on Human Failure Probability
6. Job Factors
- Effect of Job Factors on the Probability of Human Error
- Application of Task Analysis
- Role of Ergonomics in Job Design
- Ergonomically-Designed Control Systems
- Relationship Between Physical Stressors and Human Reliability
- Effects of Under-Stimulation, Fatigue, and Stress on Human Reliability
7. Behavioural Change Programmes
- Principles of Behavioural Change Programmes
- Organizational Conditions Needed for Success in Behavioural Change Programmes
- Example of Typical Behavioural Change Programme Contents
Additional Resources
- IA8 – Summary
- IA8 – Questions & Answers
1. Role of the Health and Safety Practitioner
- Role of the Health and Safety Practitioner
- Meaning of the Term ‘Competence’
- Need for Health and Safety Practitioners to Evaluate their Own Practice
- Health and Safety Practitioner – Mentoring and Supporting
- Distinction Between Leadership and Management
- Need to Adopt Different Management Styles
- Role of the Health and Safety Practitioner on Safety Management Systems
- Meaning of the Term Sensible Risk Management
- Enabling Work Activities as Part of Proportionate Risk Management
- Organizational Risk Profiling
- Contribution of the Health and Safety Practitioner in Achieving the Objectives of An Organisation
- Ethics and the Application of Ethical Principles
2. Effective Communication and Negotiation Skills
- Effective Communication
- Need for Consultation and Negotiation
- Influencing Ownership of Health and Safety
- Importance of Receiving and Acting on Feedback
- Different Methods of Communication
- Procedures for Resolving Conflict and Introducing Change
- Ensuring Roles and Responsibilities are Clear, Understood, and Implemented by Workers
3. Use of Financial Justification
- Significance of Budgetary Responsibility
- Recognizing the Responsible Budget Holder
- Cost-Benefit Analysis
- Internal and External Sources of Information
- Short- and Long-Term Budgetary Planning
Additional Resources
- IA9 – Summary
- IA9 – Questions & Answers
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