IA4 – Questions & Answers

Last Updated: December 31st, 2022/Views: 1306/2.5 min read/
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Module Questions

Any three from the following:

  • To assess the effectiveness and appropriateness of health and safety objectives and arrangements in terms of:
    • Hardware (plant, premises, substances).
    • Software (people, procedures, systems).
  • To measure and reward success (not to penalise failure).
  • To use the results as a basis for making recommendations for a review of current management systems.
  • To maintain and improve health and safety performance.
  • Active measures include inspection reports, safety tour reports, audit data.
  • Reactive measures include accident and ill-health data, complaints, near misses.
  • Objective measures include number of prosecutions over the last five years, number of risk assessments completed/reviewed during last year, number of individuals trained in a specific safety-related course.
  • Subjective measures include effectiveness of safety communication, presence of a good safety culture.

The main measurement techniques available for measuring health and safety performance in the workplace are:

  • audits,
  • inspections,
  • safety tours,
  • safety sampling and
  • safety surveys.

Benchmarking is the process of comparing your own practices and performance measures with organisations that display excellence and whom you might wish to imitate.

The two sources of information that the review process uses are

  • routine monitoring data and
  • audit data.

Exam Questions

Question 1

An advertising campaign was used to promote improvement in safety standards within a particular organisation. During the period of the campaign the rate of reported accidents significantly increased, and the campaign was deemed to be a failure.

  1. Explain why the rate of reported accidents may have been a poor measure of the campaign’s effectiveness. (2)
  2. Describe four active measures which might have been used to measure the organisation’s health and safety performance. (8)

(a) Following the campaign, the number of accidents may have significantly increased because of a number of factors; these could include that previously very few people were actually aware that they needed to report accidents, so accidents happened, but weren’t reported – resulting in under-reporting.

It may also have been that the campaign was very successful because it now raised people’s awareness and expectations of what will be done now you have encouraged people to report accidents on site.

(b) Four active methods of measuring H&S performance of the organisation could entail:

  • – Safety tours – these tours could take place on a regular basis and identify good and poor practice; these practices could then be logged to measure performance by scoring or tracking good and poor practice.
  • – Procedures, risk assessments, etc. – measuring the numbers that have been done against numbers required, checking whether they are in date and being reviewed in line with set frequencies, communicated to staff – by measuring awareness or understanding of them.
  • – Safety surveys – using a set survey and evaluating strengths and weakness and setting strategy for the future and implementing campaigns and then being able to measure through a survey the effectiveness of this campaign.
  • – Benchmarking – comparing your performance to previous years/months, other departments, sites or comparable companies (e.g. from national accident statistics published for your particular sector) to measure your performance in an active manner.

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